Bile acids are cholesterol-derived surfactants that circulate actively between the liver and
ileum and that are classically recognized for emulsifying dietary lipids to facilitate absorption.
More recent studies, however, have revealed new functions of bile acids; as pleotropic
signaling metabolites that regulate diverse metabolic and inflammatory pathways in multiple
cell types and tissues through dynamic interactions with both germline-encoded host
receptors and the microbiota. Accordingly, perturbed bile acid circulation and/or metabolism …